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The Decline of Chivalry with the Rise of Artillery
The arrival of artillery fundamentally changed the nature of warfare. Previously, a knight’s personal skill, strength, and armor were key advantages on the battlefield....
The Historical Struggles of the Flemings
The recent events in Belgium give special interest to the history of earlier times. The struggles of the Flemish people in the fourteenth and...
The Rise of Civic Freedom in Flanders
A large portion of the third volume of this work focuses on a remarkable period in European history. This era was crucial because it...
Dyed Easter Eggs and Their Symbolism
Dyed Easter eggs are among the most colorful and meaningful ritual objects in Bulgarian folk culture. Their bright colors and intricate patterns carry both...
Ritual Art in Bulgarian Culture
The National Ethnographic Museum in Bulgaria houses a rich and diverse collection of ritual objects that reflect the magic, religious beliefs, and cultural ideas...
Western Influence and Artistic Flexibility
At the same time, the icon painters of the post-Byzantine period were able to convey certain aspects of Western European aesthetics in their works....
The Authority of the Patriarch’s Later Testimony
The details given in the patriarch’s later letter are, it is true, not fully in agreement with what he had written earlier in Ancient...
Clarifying the Meaning of the Patriarch’s Statement
At first sight, the language used by Patriarch Constantius seems to have only one possible meaning. It appears to say clearly that the ancient...
Note on the Location of the Ancient Harbour Wall Discovered in 1819
The discovery of an ancient harbour wall in the year 1819 is an important event in the study of Constantinople’s maritime history. Our knowledge...
The Identification of the Kontoscalion Harbour
The Kontoscalion Harbour has been a subject of historical discussion, but there is little doubt about its correct identification. Several pieces of evidence support...
